MODALES
MODAL VERBS
A modal is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express: ability, possibility, permission or obligation.Have to
Have to is NOT a modal verb. We need do/does/did to
make negatives and questions in present and past.
- Do you have to get up early tomorrow? (NOT
Have you to get up early?) - Did you have to change the sound card?
- We don’t have to stay until the end.
We can use have to in all the verb
forms (present, past and perfect tenses, gerund, to infinitive, etc.)
- I don’t like having to get up early.
- She’s had to work at weekends
since she started working.
- I had to cancel the meeting.
It is used to describe an obligation, a
rule, something that is necessary.
- You have to drive on
the left in England.
- I’ll have to get up early
tomorrow. The exam is at 8.
Must
Must is a modal verb and it has a present form, which can be used to talk about the present or the future. The negative form is must not or mustn’t and the question is must I, must you, etc.- I must go to the doctor.
- I must get up early tomorrow.
- You mustn’t call me
before 8.
It is used to describe something that the speaker
thinks is necessary to do.
- You must eat less
candy.
- I must try to do more exercise.
We can also use must to express
strong advice.
- You must see the new film; it’s amazing!
Must or Have to?
Must only has a present form, so for all other verb forms (past,
future, perfect forms, infinitive, etc.) we need to use have to.
- You will have to come with me.
- We had to drive very fast.
We normally use have to for questions.
Questions with must are not common.
- Do we have to sit here?
Regarding the meaning, sometimes there is little
difference between have to and must.
- I must go to the hospital.
- I have to go to the hospital.
But we normally use have to when
there’s an external obligation, and must when the
obligation comes from the opinion of the speaker.
- We have to get up early tomorrow. The meeting is at
nine. (external
obligation)
- We must get up early tomorrow if we want to finish
painting. (it’s
the speaker’s opinion)
- You have to wear a suit at the meeting. (it’s a rule in the company)
- You must buy a new suit for the meeting. (it’s my opinion)
Mustn’t or don’t have to?
Don’t have to and mustn’t have opposite meanings.
We use don’t have to when we don’t need to do something, when
there’s no obligation; and we use mustn’t to talk
about prohibition, when there is obligation not to do something.
- You mustn’t wait here. (=it’s not allowed)
- You don’t have to wait here. (=you can do it, but it’s not
necessary)
Should, shouldn’t
Should is used to give advice or an opinion about
what we think is right or wrong.
- You should go to a therapist.
- I think schools shouldn’t offer soft drinks to their students.
Should is not
as strong as must or have to.
- You should be patient with me. (=advice)
- You must be patient with me. (=strong advice)
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EXERCISE
ANOTHER EXERCISE
https://www.aulafacil.com/cursos/ingles/repaso-de-gramatica/ejercicios-should-must-have-to-l22661
https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-99192.php
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